Last Update: Fri Jun 17 09:53:49 CDT 1994 NEWS FLASH: BSD44-"almost" is now available for the RT. What is BSD44-almost ? Its the bsd44 source tree merged into the RT-RENO source tree. (BSD-RENO is the June 1990 release of BSD, BSD44 is the June 1993 release of BSD44). Highlites: -) applications/libs: This "release" is about 98% pure BSD44. All of new features, such as increased security, new sysctl features, POSIX-compliant libc, etc, have all been ported. The remaining 2% that is not pure BSD44 is due to the fact that: a) kernel support is missing. This is primarily any filesystem-related user command. -) kernel -) ALL the networking code is pure BSD44. This includes Multicast support, ISO support, XNS support, dynamic arp table, etc. -) The security code has been ported, providing security level 0, level 1, and level 2. -) level 0 is considered insecure (tradition unix) -) at level 1 anyone with permissions can READ from /dev/kmem, but NOONE, not even root, can write to /dev/kmem. -) at level 2, NO ONE can READ from /dev/kmem, not even root. -) sysctl interface has been ported. This is an alternate method to read-from, write-to, "kernel memory" in a controlled manner. -) many other bsd44-isms have been ported. What's left ??? -) the filesystem code (ufs, nfs, mfs) are all still at the RENO versions. I *might* update these to '44 in the future, as the RENO version of NFS leaves much to be desired. However to update 1 filesystem, I'll need to update them all.... -) the Virtual Memory code is still at the RENO version. To upgrade the VM to code involves writing all the PMAP routines for the Mach-based VM system to run on the RT. This will probably never get done. -) replace the global u. struct with a dynamic proc table. While this is not dependent on the Mach VM code, it is so tightly integrated with the VM code that it wouldn't be worth the effort to do by itself. NEW FEATURES: There are MANY new features in this install. It is a very *RICH* work environment. The gcc and g++ compiler are native in the package. g++ works, and compiles groff (the GNU nroff package), and that is also native in the package. Since this is the BSD44 release, any public domain code that comes available should port with little to no effort. "try it, you'll like it". Other programs the full install comes with: tex, perl, postscript handling tools, elm, bash, flexfax, etc. Two kernels are provided. The default /vmunix is a light-weight "austin" version, which has support for just the basics that we need around here (up to 1 token ring, up to 1 ethernet, serial support, tcpip and nfs support). The other kernel is /genvmunix, which is a "generic-everything" kernel. It contains support for XNS, ISO, Adaptec 1542B SCSI, and a variety of other devices. Look at RT-BSD44.ChangeLog for a version change history. *************************************************************************** BSD44 installation information: -) ********************** Making Install disks. ************************* -) Locate the images: -) the images are located in the directory: /afs/austin/u/rogerf/IMAGE -) NOTE: these are the SAME images as used for the RT-RENO and RT-Xstation installation. Currently I cannot produce installation diskettes from the BSD44 source tree. This will change in the near future, and will probably require 3 disks to install instead of 2, due to the sheer increase in size of all the '44 binaries. -) To make RT install diskettes on a BSD or AIX-2.2.1 RT: (or any other Unix machine which has a 5 1/4 high density drive) Make the SAUTIL disk: -) AIX: format /dev/rfd0 -) BSD: /usr/ibm/fdformat -h /dev/rfd0 -) dd of=/dev/rfd0 if=sautil.image bs=8192 Make the MINIROOT disk: -) AIX: format /dev/rfd0 -) BSD: /usr/ibm/fdformat -h /dev/rfd0 -) dd of=/dev/rfd0 if=miniroot.image bs=8192 -) ********************** INSTALLING FULL BSD44. ************************* -) start with the sautil disk -) NOTE: this has ONLY been installed on 300 meg drives so far. -) set up disk partions ================================================== (for a 310 meg drive:) -) choose the minidisk (10) option in sautil. -) choose a disk, type: (this means hard-drive #0, partition 2, where partition 2 implies the entire drive). hd(0,2) -) type 'i' (initialize) -) type: (the following will create the boot, root (hd0a), swap (hd0b), usr (hd0g), var (hd0e), X11 (hd0h), and home (hd0d) partitions). c boot 32736 374 01 c hd0a 32737 30000 00 c hd0b 32738 80000 20 c hd0g 32739 220000 00 c hd0h 32740 120000 00 (at this point, decide if you want a separate /home and /var, or if you want to put user directories into /var/users like BSD44 does. The separate style is show below, for the /var only style, hit 'l' and use up the rest of the disk space for hd0e). c hd0e 32741 80000 00 (at this point, if you are doing the separate /home and /var, you can hit 'l' to list the partions so far, and make the d partion the rest of the disk) c hd0d 32742 70000 00 <== approx ================================================== (for (2) 114, and (1) 70 meg drives:) (for (1) 114, and (2) 70 meg drives:) -) NOTE: size dimensions not included yet. ================================================== (for (3) 70 meg drives:) -) NOTE: until I come up with a configurable way to cut out pieces of the install (such as the documentation), (3) 70 meg drives are no longer an option. ================================================== (for other drive sizes, contact me.) ================================================== -) just hit 'return' to exit out of minidisk, then 'return' a second time to go back to the main menu. -) take out the disk, and put in the MINIROOT disk. -) NOW boot from the miniroot disk: -) select the floppy boot option (number 2) -) hit enter to continue at the ":" prompt. -) ********************** INSTALLING SMALL BSD44. ************************ -) NOTE: this is the SAME code as the full install, but the usr partition is missing contrib/* (which contains perl, tex), share/doc (the bsd documentation for the '44 manuals), and games. This usr partition is about 55 meg, instead of 95 meg for the full install. -) start with the sautil disk -) set up disk partions ================================================== (for a 310 meg drive:) -) choose the minidisk (10) option in sautil. -) choose a disk, type: (this means hard-drive #0, partition 2, where partition 2 implies the entire drive). hd(0,2) -) type 'i' (initialize) -) type: (the following will create the boot, root (hd0a), swap (hd0b), usr (hd0g), var (hd0e), X11 (hd0h), and home (hd0d) partitions). c boot 32736 374 01 c hd0a 32737 30000 00 c hd0b 32738 80000 20 c hd0g 32739 120000 00 c hd0e 32740 80000 00 c hd0h 32741 120000 00 (at this point, you can hit 'l' to list the partions so far, and make the d partion the rest of the disk) c hd0d 32742 170000 00 ================================================== (for 2 114, and 1 70 meg drives:) (for 1 114, and 2 70 meg drives:) -) NOTE: the 114 drive must be the main drive (drive 0) -) choose the minidisk (10?) option in sautil. -) choose a disk, type: (this means hard-drive #0, partition 2, where partition 2 implies the entire drive). hd(0,2) -) type 'i' (initialize) -) type: (the following will create the boot, root (hd0a), swap (hd0b), usr (hd0g), var (hd0e), X11 (hd0h), and home (hd0d) partitions). c boot 32736 105 01 c hd0a 32737 24000 00 c hd0b 32738 80000 20 (at this point, hit 'l' to list the partions so far, and make the g partion the rest of the disk) c hd0g 32739 120000 00 <=== approx. use value of freespace -) change disks, type: disk hd(1,2) -) type 'i' (initialize) c hd1h 32736 120000 00 (at this point, hit 'l' to list the partions so far, and make the e partion the rest of the disk) c hd1e 32737 100000 00 <=== approx. use value of freespace -) NOTE: if drive 1 is a 70 meg drive, reduce hd1h to 80000 blocks of space, and use the 'l' key to tell you what size to make the hd1e partition. -) change disks, type: disk hd(2,2) -) type 'i' (initialize) -) type 'l' to list free space c hd2d 32736 00 ================================================== -) just hit 'return' to exit out of minidisk, then 'return' a second time to go back to the main menu. -) take out the disk, and put in the MINIROOT disk. -) NOW boot from the miniroot disk: -) select the floppy boot option (number 2) -) hit enter to continue at the ":" prompt. -) ********************* Using the MINIROOT disk. ************************ -) Using MINIROOT to install the operating system on the RT: NOTE: when chosing OPTIONS from the INSTALL menu, the install program acts on single character input, without waiting for 'return'. So go slow through the menu(s) until you are used to how the program behaves. -) select choice (2) for "continue with installation". -) choose (1) TAPE or (2) NETWORK install -) TAPE install: -) follow the instructions to do the install -) NETWORK install: NOTE: choice (4) and (5) are absolutely required. -) choice (4), the 'source host', should be the network install server for your site. For Austin, type: 9.3.21.91 NOTE: 9.3.21.91 is (c4cbd.austin.ibm.com) -) choice (5), 'target host' is the ip-address of YOUR RT. -) choice (6), 'netmask', is the netmask for YOUR network. -) choice (7), 'default router' is YOUR default gateway. -) choice (u), 'Install User', will determine which images get loaded on your system. The default, 'rtinst', will load the Xstation images. To load the full-install BSD44 images, change this to 'rtbsd44'. To load the small-install BSD44 images, change this to 'rtbsd44s'. -) NOTE: 'terse' install will install faster than verbose. About 10 minutes to do a terse install over the network, 15-20 minutes by tape for the Xstation install. The full install takes about 1/2 hour or so. -) NOTE: if installing on (3) 70 meg drives, you MUST change the partition name (ie, option number (3)) for the var partition from hd0e to hd1e. -) at the end of the install, if installing the Xstation images, it will ask you some questions about configuring the Xterminal. Answer the questions, configuring the Xterminal for YOUR RT IP-address, default route, nameserver, and point the Xterminal at YOUR RISC Systems/6000 running X11R5. -) select choice 3 (Halt the system). -) reboot, and you are on your way. -) ****************** Completing the FULL install ************************ -) Completing the install: -) login as root -) edit /etc/fstab -) add: -) for the 310 drive installation: /dev/hd0h /usr/X11R5 ufs rw 1 4 /dev/hd0d /home ufs rw 1 5 -) for the (2) 114, (1) 70 drive installation: -) for the (1) 114, (2) 70 drive installation: /dev/hd1h /usr/X11R5 ufs rw 1 4 /dev/hd2d /home ufs rw 1 5 -) for the (3) 70 drives installation: /dev/hd1h /usr/X11R5 ufs rw 1 4 /dev/hd2d /home ufs rw 1 5 /dev/hd1b none swap sw 0 0 /dev/hd2b none swap sw 0 0 -) type: -) for the 310 drive installation: newfs /dev/hd0h newfs /dev/hd0d -) for the (2) 114, (1) 70 drive installation: -) for the (1) 114, (2) 70 drive installation: -) for the (3) 70 drives installation: newfs /dev/hd1h newfs /dev/hd2d -) for the (3) 70 drives installation, also type: (this is normally done at boot, once you've added the swap lines to /etc/fstab). swapon -a -) type: mount /usr/X11R5 mount /home -) load X11R5. IMPORTANT NOTE: This version of X11 ONLY SUPPORTS the 6155 (black/white) and Megapel (ie, 5081/6091 color) displays. The 6153 (small black/white) and 6154 (small color) displays are NOT supported. -) If loading from tape, type: cd /usr/X11R5 /usr/ibm/ftc -B /dev/rst0 - | tar -xvf - -) If loading from the network: -) get the X11 image. You'll need about 40meg of space to do this, so just cd to /home before you get the file. -) ftp c4cbd.austin.ibm.com (or to 9.3.21.91) (the following is a rough outline of getting the file) login as anonymous passwd is guest cd pub binary get X11.rtbsd44.obj.tar.gz quit -) cd /usr/X11R5 -) /usr/contrib/bin/gzcat /home/X11.rtbsd44.obj.tar | tar -xvf - (or where-ever you put the image) -) edit /etc/hosts, add your hostname -) edit /etc/netstart, edit your hostname -) add yourself as a user, type: vipw (copy a line, and change it. Example: roger::100:31::0:0:& Florkowski:/home/roger:/bin/ksh ) -) add yourself to the 'wheel' group, or you wont be able to use 'su'. (edit /etc/group, and add your loginname to the wheel group, like: wheel:*:0:root,roger ) -) make a directory in /home, (or in /var/users) and chown it to yourself. -) configure your X11 stuff, etc. NOTE: I've provided a guest login account which has some defaults for .profile, .kshrc, .shrc, .Xdefaults, .xinitrc, and .map3270 -) NOTE: the bsd44 /bin/sh interprets the $ENV variable. (its posix compliant :-). BUT everything that you might want to put in a .kshrc (the normal setting for ENV), will not be understood by /bin/sh, and will cause some scripts to fail. Look at /var/users/guest/guest/.shrc for a method to deal with this. -) NOTE2: this release has all the networking commands Kerberos'ed. (Kerberos Version 4). This INCLUDES the passwd command. To change your LOCAL passwd in a non-kerberos manner, use: "passwd -l". (or read the man page on passwd). -) at this point, you should be all done !!! Good Luck! ============================================================================= Roger Florkowski IBM Personal Systems Programming AIX RISC System/6000 Network Communications Support 11400 Burnet Road Internet Mail: roger@wizards.austin.ibm.com Austin, TX 78758 email: roger@rogerf.austin.ibm.com Phone: (512) 838-3489 home: cs.utexas.edu!taliesin!roger =============================================================================