observed in writing - or, more likely, 
revising - the text, when footnotes (as I shall continue to call them) are being 
embedded, but nothing more onerous or complicated than is involved in mastering any 
other advanced word processing feature.  The CLI files themselves have to be 
trimmed for the purposes of every particular segment of composition.  But the end 
result, no matter how many corrections, revisions, deletions or shiftings of 
references might have occurred, ought to be a perfect matching of text indices with 
the correspondingly numbered footnotes.

    I have tested the accompanying CLI files, on a document (enclosed; with 
adjusted CLI files) containing no more than 1000 or so words of text, and about 500 
words in 15 endnotes.  "Master" CLI files are provided to accommodate up to 200 
such notes.  I see no reason to doubt that they will work on that scale.  If anyone 
can tell me otherwise, however, I'd be anxious to hear as soon as possible!  At the 
same time, being no sort of a programmer myself, I have wondered whether someone 
could write a BASIC program to count the numbers of embedded notes and paragraphs 
in any given document and to adjust the CLI files accordingly.    

    This document is a fairly detailed explanation of the process.  A "Short Guide" 
is also provided.  Either ought to be read, in the first place, in conjunction with 
the demonstration text and CLI files ("PDFNSdemo.txt", and "FNMOVEb.CLI", etc.).

%C%*********
    %H4%Proceed as follows%H4% (it is nowhere near as complicated as it looks!):

A.  %H1%PREPARING THE DOCUMENT%H1%.

1.  (a) Sufficient memory should be allowed for both text and footnotes in the one 
        document.  If necessary, however, the procedure could be adapted for use 
        with a series of smaller documents.

    (b) The procedure and files given here are designed to produce a finished 
        document which is single spaced, with a wrap length of 65, and in which the 
        paragraphs are separated by single blank lines.  See below at para. 11 for 
        a note on producing double-spaced documents.

    (c) The following characters are employed as delimiters for indices, notes, and 
        reformatting points: angled brackets, "< >", curly brackets, "{ }", the 
        caret, "^".  THEY MUST NOT BE USED ELSEWHERE IN YOUR DOCUMENT.

    (d) RESERVE PIPEDREAM COLUMN "A" FOR FOOTNOTE NUMBERS; the column should 
        be given a width of 5.

2.  (a) WRITE THE TEXT IN COLUMN "B".  Give it a wrap width somewhat larger than 
        you will want in your finished document: this will ensure that reformatt-
        ing (see below) does not result in unwanted extra spaces between para-
        graphs.

    (b) DO NOT put a blank line between paragraphs.  But DO mark the start of each 
        paragraph by at least one space followed by "^".  The number of spaces 
        depends on the indentation you want for the first line of each paragraph.

    (c) It is assumed that substantial quotations will appear in indented 
        blocks.  To ensure correct reformatting, each line of any such block should 
        be indented by the chosen number of spaces; in the first line a "^" should 
        be added.  Place another "^" at the start of the first subsequent line of 
        unindented text in the same paragraph.

3.  ENTER FOOTNOTE INDEX DELIMITERS thus: "< >" (inverted commas not included of 
    course).  A number, or other character(s), may be enclosed.

4.  THE FOOTNOTE ITSELF MUST BE A SEPARATE BLOCK, so -

    (a) If the text is new, following the ">", press SPACE (as though you were 
        about to continue writing); then press ENTER to go to a new line.  

    (b) If text already exists, press "SHIFT=>" and "<>ESL".

    (c) Press "<>LAL" as a precaution against unwanted reformatting.

5.  Press SHIFT-TAB to place the cursor in column "A"; ENTER AN OPENING DELIMITER, 
    "{".  A number, or other character(s), may be entered also, but are not 
    necessary.

6.  Press TAB to return to column "B".  It is advisable to enter a cue consisting 
    of the 2 or 3 words preceding the text index delimiters; these can later be 
    removed.  (If the cues are enclosed with yet another set of delimiters - e.g., 
    non-printing characters such as "<>£" or "<>SPACE" - they are easily removed 
    using "<>BRP".

7.  If you wish, WRITE THE FOOTNOTE, either in full or as a sketch; END IT WITH A 
    CLOSING CURLY BRACKET, "}"; press ENTER, and continue your writing or editing.  
    ("<>LAL" might again be applied to the first line of writing.)

%H4%NB. NOTHING need be enclosed by either of the two pairs of delimiters.  IT IS 
%H4%ESSENTIAL ONLY THAT THE PAIRS OF DELIMITERS EXIST to show that a footnote is 
%H4%intended.  NOTE ALSO that highlight code 6 could be added to, or replace, the 
%H4%angled brackets, if superscripted indices are desired.

8.  CONTINUE YOUR WRITING OR REVISION OF TEXT. Do not try to reformat paragraphs.



B.  %H1%PREPARING TO "THROW", RENUMBER, and TIDY UP%H1%.

10.  (a) DETERMINE HOW MANY FOOTNOTES AND INDICES THERE ARE by using <>BRP to 
         replace "<" with "<", not asking for confirmation: Pipedream will beep and 
         display the number found.  NOTE THIS NUMBER.

     (b) As a check that all index and footnote delimiters are in pairs, repeat 
         <>BRP with each in turn: all numbers returned should be the same.

     (c) DETERMINE ALSO THE NUMBER OF REFORMATTING POINTS in the text, by similarly 
         using "<>BRP" with "^".

     (d) ENSURE THAT THE DEFAULT "INSERT" TYPING MODE IS ON.
     
     (e) SELECT the main body of the document using "<>Z", and type "<>LAF" (to 
         undo the effect of <>LAL, used earlier): avoid or reinstate such things as 
         centred headings.



11.  ADJUST CLI FILES "FNMOVE.CLI", "INDRENUM.CLI" and "FNRENUM.CLI" to accommodate 
     %H1%exactly%H1% the number of indices/footnotes.  ADJUST "REFORMAT.CLI" for the number 
     of reformatting points.  

IF YOU WISH TO PRINT YOUR DOCUMENT IN DOUBLE SPACING, remove, from "REFORMAT.CLI", 
the "|N" commands which provide a blank line between paragraphs.

NB.  %H4%The length and contents of the working files depend on the number of footnotes 
%H4%which have to be moved and renumbered.  The master files provided can be converted 
%H4%to EXecute files for the particular task in hand by trimming.  Keep the masters!  
%H4%Save the trimmed files under names which must then be entered against the ".*" 
%H4%commands.


%P0%

C.  %H1%EXECUTING THE CLI FILES%H1%.

12.  (a) NOTES ARE REMOVED FROM THE TEXT, and placed in order at the end of your 
         article or chapter, with a centred, underlined heading, using hanging 
         indents, by the adjusted "FNMOVE.CLI".  %H4%(This is a slowish process: to 
         %H4%move 15 footnotes, and remove the curly brackets, takes about 4 minutes.)

     (b) INDICES ARE RENUMBERED by the adjusted "INDRENUM.CLI".

     (c) NOTES ARE RENUMBERED and SAVED in a separate file, by "FNRENUM.CLI".  This 
         will also remove column "A" from your text file.

     (d) THE TEXT FILE IS REFORMATTED, and all unused columns are removed, by 
         "REFORMAT.CLI".

13.  These files can be EXecuted, each in turn, and IN THAT ORDER, from the FILER.  
     Provision is made, however, in the master files supplied, to use the CLI 
     command ".*" to achieve a CONTINUOUS OPERATION.  With these commands in place, 
     all that need be done is to EXecute the adjusted version of "FNMOVE.CLI".  
     About 6 minutes will then be taken to deal with a document containing 15 
     footnotes.

%H4%Considering these timings, when you are processing a long document containing many 
%H4%footnotes, it is best to plan to leave the computer to itself for a long while.  
%H4%One could easily fill in the time at the cinema - or the public house.  BUT THE
%H4%MOVING, RENUMBERING AND TIDYING-UP WILL BE DONE IN YOUR ABSENCE, provided the 
%H4%command files have been correctly adjusted.

14.  Reformatting of the footnotes in their new file is best done manually.

15.  It could be worth setting the two documents up in a multi-document file, for 
     last minute editing and printing.


%C%*********************